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INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
The fair value hierarchy established by ASC 820 gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical unrestricted
assets and liabilities (Level 1), the next highest priority to observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market
data from independent sources (Level 2) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data (Level 3). Fair value
measurements are required to maximize the use of available observable inputs.
Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible to the reporting entity at the measurement date. It
includes IFC’s debt securities and equity investments, which are listed in markets that provide readily determinable fair values, government issues
and money market funds in the liquid assets portfolio, and market borrowings that are listed on exchanges.
Level 2: Other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly for substantially the
full term of the asset or liability. It includes financial instruments that are valued using models and other valuation methodologies. These models
consider various assumptions and inputs, including time value, yield curves, volatility factors, prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severity and
current market and contractual pricing for the underlying asset, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these inputs are
observable in the market place, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which market transactions are executed.
Financial instruments categorized as Level 2 include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as interest rate swaps, cross-currency swaps, certain
asset-backed securities, as well as the majority of trading securities in the liquid asset portfolio, and the portion of IFC’s borrowings accounted for at
fair value not included in Level 1.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing
for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. It consists of financial instruments whose
fair value is estimated based on internally developed models or methodologies utilizing significant inputs that are non-observable. It also includes
financial instruments whose fair value is estimated based on price information from independent sources that cannot be corroborated by observable
market data. Level 3 includes equity and debt securities in the investment portfolios that are not listed in markets that provide readily determinable
fair values, all loans for which IFC has elected the Fair Value Option, and certain hard-to-price securities in the liquid assets portfolio.
IFC estimates the fair value of its investments in private equity funds that do not have readily determinable fair value based on the funds’ net asset
values (NAVs) per share as a practical expedient to the extent that a fund reports its investment assets at fair value and has all the attributes of an
investment company, pursuant to ASC 946. If the NAV is not as of IFC’s measurement date, IFC adjusts the most recent NAV, as necessary, to
estimate a NAV for the investment that is calculated in a manner consistent with the fair value measurement principles established by ASC 820.
Remeasurement of foreign currency transactions – Assets and liabilities not denominated in US dollars, other than disbursed equity investments,
are expressed in US dollars at the exchange rates prevailing at December 31, 2015 and June 30, 2015. Disbursed equity investments, other than
those accounted for at fair value, are expressed in US dollars at the prevailing exchange rates at the time of disbursement. Income and expenses are
recorded based on the rates of exchange prevailing at the time of the transaction. Transaction gains and losses are credited or charged to income.
Loans – IFC originates loans to facilitate project finance, restructuring, refinancing, corporate finance, and/or other developmental objectives. Loans
are recorded as assets when disbursed. Loans are generally carried at the principal amounts outstanding adjusted for net unamortized loan origination
costs and fees. It is IFC’s practice to obtain collateral security such as, but not limited to, mortgages and third-party guarantees.
Certain loans are carried at fair value in accordance with the Fair Value Option as discussed above. Unrealized gains and losses on loans accounted
for at fair value under the Fair Value Option are reported in Net unrealized gains and losses on non-trading financial instruments accounted for at
fair value on the condensed consolidated income statement.
Certain loans originated by IFC contain income participation, prepayment and conversion features. These features are bifurcated and separately
accounted for in accordance with ASC 815 if IFC has not elected the Fair Value Option for the loan host contracts and the features meet the definition
of a derivative, and are not considered to be clearly and closely related to their host loan contracts. Otherwise, these features are accounted for as
part of their host loan contracts in accordance with IFC’s accounting policies for loans as indicated herein.
Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The excess, if any, of amortized cost over fair value is accounted for as a valuation
allowance. Changes in the valuation allowance are recognized in net income as they occur.
Revenue recognition on loans – Interest income and commitment fees on loans are recorded as income on an accrual basis. Loan origination fees
and direct loan origination costs are deferred and amortized over the estimated life of the originated loan; such amortization is determined using the
interest method unless the loan is a revolving credit facility in which case amortization is determined using the straight-line method. Prepayment fees
are recorded as income when received.
IFC does not recognize income on loans where collectability is in doubt or payments of interest or principal are past due more than 60 days unless
management anticipates that collection of interest will occur in the near future. Any interest accrued on a loan placed in nonaccrual status is reversed
out of income and is thereafter recognized as income only when the actual payment is received. Interest not previously recognized but capitalized as
part of a debt restructuring is recorded as deferred income, included in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in payables and other liabilities,
and credited to income only when the related principal is received. Such capitalized interest is considered in the computation of the reserve against
losses on loans in the consolidated balance sheet.
Reserve against losses on loans – IFC recognizes impairment on loans not carried at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheet
through the reserve against losses on loans, recording a provision or release of provision for losses on loans in net income, which increases or
decreases the reserve against losses on loans. Individually impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows
to be received, observable market prices, or for loans that are dependent on collateral for repayment, the estimated fair value of the collateral.
The reserve against losses on loans reflects management’s estimates of both identified probable losses on individual loans (specific reserves) and
probable losses inherent in the portfolio but not specifically identifiable (portfolio reserves). The determination of identified probable losses represents
management’s judgment of the creditworthiness of the borrower. Reserves against losses are established through a review of individual loans
undertaken on a quarterly basis. IFC considers a loan as impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that IFC will be