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2. MARGA: - To understand this term, it is necessary to understand the
composition of Taal. There are number of Beats, Division, Tali and Khali, the
movement and the syllables set in each beat by which a particular Taal ia
conceived. Marga means the method and movement of the Taal used in music. In
Sanskrit Granthas, we find the different varities of Marga, names as DHRUVA
MARGA, CHITRA MARGA, WARTIC MARGA & DAKSHIN MARGA. But in
present context we neither use them nor understand them. In our south Indian or
Karnataka Taal system, we have seven Taals out of which by changing the value of
LAGHU, we make 35 Taals. There we can find some meaning of this term.
3. KRIYA: - Kriya means the expression of Taal through sound Syllable and
through action. When a Taal is expressed just counting by hand it is called
“Nishabd Kriya” and when it is expressed through sound Syllables in any
Percussion instrument it is called “Sashabd Kriya”. In our Shastra we find four
verities of each Kriya named as DHRUVA, SHAMPA, TAAL AND SANNIPAT
and AWAP, NISHKAM, VIKSHEP & PRAVESHAK. In present context these
terms are not understood.
4. ANGA: - it means the different division of the Taal. In the movement of the
Taal, divisions play a vital role. The term Anga is more expressed in Karnatak Taal
system than in North Indian Taal system. They have 6 varites of ANGA: -
ANUDRUT, DRUT, LAGHU, GURU, PLUT, KAKPAD, in our North Indian Taal
system the term Anga is understood by VIBHAG (Division) and ZARAB (Stress).
5. GRAHA: - By Graha we understand the begening of a cycle of Taal or the
particular beat of composition where SAM is fixed. We have four varities of Graha
- SAM, VISAM, ATIT, ANAGAT, when a composition begins on the First beat of
time cycle that is SAM GRAHA. The composition beginning from the Khali is
called VISAM GRAHA. When SUM is expressed by an stress just before the
actual SAM it is called ANAGAT GRAHA and similarly when it is expressed after
the actual SAM, it is called ATIT GRAHA. Taal is the “SOUL OF MUSIC” and
SAM is “SOUL OF TAAL” Musicians show their expertise of Taal during their
performance using these ANAGAT, ATIT & VISAM GRAHA.
6. JATI: - There are 5 JATIS of Taal named as CHATUSHRA, TISHRA,
MISHRA, KHAND SANKIRA. The numbers of beats set in different division of
the Taal determined the JATI of the particular Taal. Like in Teentaal there are four
divisions and in each division there are four beats. That is why the Teentaal is
CHATASHRA JATI TAAL. In Jhaptal there are division of two beats & three beats
and it is called KHAND JATI TAAL. In Dadra Taal, there are division of three
beats so it is called TISHRAJATI TAAL. In Deepchandi Taal we have division of 3
& 4 beats and it is MISHRA JATI TAAL. Similarly Dhamar which has division of
2,3,4 & 5 beats therefore it is SANKIRNA JATI TAAL. In Karnatak Taal system,