12
APPEARANCE: From light to dark brown,
about 1/10 inch long; antenna has 12 segments.
HABITS: Readily adaptable and can nest in a great
variety of situations; colonies are massive, and may
contain hundreds of queens; nests are usually located in
moist soil, next to or under buildings, along sidewalks or beneath
boards; travel in trails; forage day and night.
DIET: Eat a wide variety of foods, particularly sweets.
REPRODUCTION: Eggs are white, laid in summer;
larvae emerge after about 28 days; adult stage reached in
about 74 days.
OTHER INFORMATION:
Have no important natural enemy in the United States.
ARGENTINE ANT
Iridomyrmex humilis
Actual Size
APPEARANCE: Very small; light yellow to red, with
black markings on abdomen; about 1/16 inch long.
HABITS: Require a warm temperature to survive; will
nest in any well-protected or hidden area; nests are very
difficult to find because ants stray far from them, usually
over established trails.
DIET: Feed on a diverse array of material, including sugars,
greasy foods and proteins; will also eat dead insects.
REPRODUCTION: Egg to adult in about 45 days; females
live up to 39 weeks and lay about 400 eggs; workers only
live up to 10 weeks.
OTHER INFORMATION: Mature forms have wings, but do not fly;
very large colonies, with up to several million workers and thousands of queens; when the
colony is stressed, it splits and scatters into sub-colonies in a process known as “budding".
PHAROAH ANT
Monomorium pharaonis
Actual Size
APPEARANCE: Light brown to black,
appendages lighter than the rest of the body; about
1/10 inch long; parallel lines on head and thorax;
antennae have 12 segments.
HABITS: Sometimes enters buildings foraging for food;
nests are outdoors under stones, along curbing or in
cracks of pavement; can nest indoors in walls and under floors.
DIET: Eat a variety of foods; prefer sugars
but require protein for reproduction.
REPRODUCTION: Queen produces five to 20 eggs per day; brood
develops in about 40 days; young go through three larval stages.
OTHER INFORMATION: Slow-moving; often live in nests of larger ants,
where they feed on the larvae of the host.
PAVEMENT ANT
Tetramorium caespitum
Actual Size
APPEARANCE: One of the smallest household ants,
about 1/32 to 1/16 inch long; antennae have 10
segments; range in color from yellowish to brown.
HABITS: Nests occur in a great variety of locations
outside the home, especially under rocks; may nest
indoors in cracks and cupboards.
DIET: Feed on immature forms of other ants and insects; also attracted to
greasy or high protein foods such as cheese and animal matter.
REPRODUCTION: Queens lay an average of 105 eggs, which
incubate for 16 to 28 days; larval stage may last 21 days in
summer, but can last through the winter.
OTHER INFORMATION: So small they are difficult to detect.
THIEF ANT
Solenopsis molesta
Actual Size