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HEALTH AND SAFETY INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR STUDENT MUSICIANS
Introduction
The Department of Music, as required by the National Association of Schools of Music, is obligated to inform
students and faculty of health and safety issues, hazards, and procedures inherent in practice, performance,
teaching, and listening both in general and as applicable to their specific specializations. This includes but is not
limited to information regarding hearing, vocal and musculoskeletal health, injury prevention, and the use, proper
handling, and operation of potentially dangerous materials, equipment, and technology.
The Department of Music has developed policies, protocols, and operational procedures to guard against injury
and illness in the study and practice of music, as well as to raise the awareness among our students and faculty
of the connections between musicians' health, the suitability and safety of equipment and technology, and the
acoustic and other health-related conditions in the University's practice, rehearsal, and performance facilities.
It is important to note that health and safety depends largely on personal decisions made by informed individuals.
MSU Billings has health and safety responsibilities, but fulfillment of these responsibilities cannot and will not
ensure any individual's health and safety. Too many factors beyond the university's control are involved.
Each individual is personally responsible for avoiding risk and preventing injuries to themselves before, during,
and after study or employment in the MSU Billings Department of Music. The policies, protocols, and operational
procedures developed by the Department of Music do not alter or cancel any individual's personal responsibility,
or in any way shift personal responsibility for the results of any individual's personal decisions or actions in any
instance or over time to the University.
Performance Injuries
Anyone who practices, rehearses or performs instrumental or vocal music has the potential to suffer injury
related to that activity. Instrumental musicians are at risk for repetitive motion injuries. Sizable percentages of
them develop physical problems related to playing their instruments; and if they are also computer users, their
risks are compounded. Instrumental injuries often include carpal tunnel syndrome, tendinitis, and bursitis.
Incorrect posture, non-ergonomic technique, excessive force, overuse, stress, and insufficient rest contribute to
chronic injuries that can cause great pain, disability, and the end of careers.
What Instrumentalists Should Do
The Department of Music wishes to thank the Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music and the
Canadian Network for Health in the Arts for the following information:
1. Evaluate your technique. Reduce force, keep joints in the middle of their range of motion, use large muscle
groups when possible, and avoid fixed, tense positions.
2. Always warm up. As an athlete would not begin a vigorous physical activity without warming up, a musician
must warm up carefully before practice or performance.
3. Take breaks to stretch and relax. Take short breaks every few minutes and longer breaks each hour. Two or
more shorter rehearsals each day are more productive than marathon single sessions. Even in performance, find
those opportunities to relax a hand, arm, or embouchure to restore circulation.
4. Pace yourself. “No pain, no gain” is a potentially catastrophic philosophy for a musician. Know when enough is
enough, and learn to say 'no' to certain performances or lengths of performing that might result in injury.
5. Check out your instrument. Does your instrument place undue stress on your body? Is your instrument set
up optimally for you to relieve pressure on hands, joints, etc.? Is there a strap, carrier, or stand available to relieve
the stress?
6. Evaluate other activities. Pains and injuries affecting your music making could be caused by other activities in
your daily life. Computer use is notorious for causing afflictions including carpal tunnel syndrome and tendinitis.
7. Pay attention to your body. Pain is the mechanism by which your body tells you that something is wrong.
Listen to your body; if it hurts, stop what you are doing.
8. Get medical attention. Do not delay in seeing a doctor. A physician may prescribe a minor adjustment or, in
worst-case scenarios, stipulate not performing for a period of time. As drastic as this may sound, a few months of
rest is better than suffering a permanent, career ending injury. Likewise, the demands placed on singers' voices
are immense. Hardly a month goes by where a top singer is not forced to interrupt a tour, take a break, or
undergo a medical procedure due to problems with their voice. Medical professionals are making the case that
the demands put on one's voice when singing one to three hours is as intense as those made on an Olympic
marathon runner's body. Additional factors such as nutrition, smoking, drug use, noisy environments, and proper
voice training (or the lack of it) all play a role in a singer's ability to perform at her/his best.