antisocial disorder of joker character in the dark knight movie

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 129

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER

IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE DIRECTED

BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

aprillia.prl@bsi.ac.id

Universitas Muria Kudus, Indonesia

Info Artikel

Abstract

The objective of this research is to know what is antisocial disorder that was conducted by

watching the dark knight movie. In this paper, the writers used descriptive qualitative method by

visited the library and browsed of internet to get the references and data that related to the topic.

For data collection, all information was collected by librarian research to obtain the theories of

literary work and all support information that related to the objective of the research. The next

stage was analyzing of The Dark Knight movie by watching it several times . The result of this

research indicated that; (1) there are seven symptopms of antisocial disorder that occurred in joker

character such as failure to conform to social norm, deceitfulness, impulsivity, irritability and

aggressiveness, reckless disregard for safety of self or others, consistent irresponsibility, and lack of

remorse (2) antisocial disorder in joker character developed by childhood trauma and abuse which

is caused by his father’s treatments (3) there are three moral messages that can learned from the

dark knight movie such as humanity, teamwork, and consideration.

Abstrak

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa itu Gangguan Antisosial yang

dilakukan dengan menonton film The Dark Knight. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis menggunakan

metode deskriptif kualitatif semua informasi dikumpulkan untuk memperoleh teori karya sastra dan

teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan library research dengan mengunjungi perpustakaan dan

menelusuri Internet untuk mendapatkan referensi dan data yang terkait dengan topik tersebut.

Tahap selanjutnya adalah menganalisa dengan menyimak dan menyaksikan film tersebut untuk

memperdalam karakter Joker yang menjadi objek utama penelitian dengan mengunjungi

perpustakaan dan menelusuri Internet untuk mendapatkan referensi dan data yang terkait dengan

topik tersebut.. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Ada tujuh gejala Gangguan Antisosial

yang terjadi pada karakter Joker seperti kegagalan untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan norma sosial,

tipu daya, impulsif, dan agresif, ketidakpedulian, ceroboh untuk keselamatan diri sendiri atau orang

lain, tidak bertanggung jawab secara konsisten, dan tidak ada rasa penyesalan (2) Gangguan

Antisosial dalam karakter Joker terbentuk karena trauma masa kecil dan pelecehan yang disebabkan

oleh perlakuan ayahnya (3) Ada tiga pesan moral yang dapat dipelajari dari film The Dark Knight,

seperti kemanusiaan, kerja tim, dan pertimbangan.

Sejarah Artikel

Diterima

20 Maret 2020

Disetujui

16 Mei 2020

Dipublikasikan

28 Oktober 2020

Keywords

antisocial disorder,

descriptive qualitative

method, film

Kata Kunci

gangguan antisosial,

metode deskriptif

kualitatif, film

INTRODUCTION

Literature has a lot of genres in its

presentation, such as poetry, fiction, and

drama. In Literature also, there are

several ways to improve English skills

such as through song lyrics, poem,

novel, movie, and many more. In this

case, the authors choose movie or film as

a tool to improve English skills because

through movie the audience can see the

gestures, expressions, movements, and

acts of the characters while their

listening to the conversation. Movie can

be media to deliver message to the

audience through the characters in

movie. As we know that film is an

audio-visual communication to convey a

message for group of people in a

particular place. The movie messages of

a communication can be anything

depending on the mission of the film.

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

130 | Jurnal Kredo

Vol. 4 No. 1 Oktober 2020

However, in generally a movie can

include a variety of messages, it can be

educational, entertainment and

information messages. The messages of

the movie are using the mechanism of

symbols that exist in the human mind in

the form of message content, sounds,

words, conversations, and so on. Based

on Carroll (2008:80) argues that,

“Movies are typically comprised of a

series of moving pictures, called shots,

which themselves are animated as a

succession of still pictures, called

frames, pass before the projector beam”.

Several aspects of character can be

discussed such as physiology, sociology,

antropology, and psychology. Quotes by

Card (1974:30) tagged as character

showing that, “The Seven Social Sins

are: Wealth without work, Pleasure

without conscience, Knowledge without

character, Commerce without morality,

Science without humanity, Worship

without sacrifice”. The authors take the

psychology one and focuses on the topic

Antisocial Disorder. Based on American

Psychiatric Association (APA)

(2013:660), states that, “The essential

feature of antisocial personality disorder

is a pervasive pattern of disregard for,

and violation of, the rights of others that

begins in childhood or early adolescence

and continues into adulthood”.

Antisocial disorder sometimes called by

sociopath are often violate the rights of

others, disregard social norms and

conventions, and in some case break the

law. The reason the writer chooses The

Dark Knight movie because in this

movie has a lot of antisocial aspects that

can be analyzed by the writer. Antisocial

disorders are usually caused by children

abuse or experienced and emotional

trauma. The appearance of sociopath is

manipulating people for personal gain.

Antisocial disorder is not the same with

schizophrenia because people with

Antisocial Disorder really concious

about all that done. Same as the

antagonist character in The Dark Knight

movie, Joker, he does all sadistic acts in

consciousness.

The antagonist character of The

Dark Knight movie, Joker, is a terrorist

and villain of Gotham city who wear

make up like a joker in the play card to

cover up the scars made by his own

father when he was a child. Joker is

clever and proficient in making strategy

such as trapping people in dangerous

condition. After he terrorized and

disrupting the Gotham city, the Joker

gives an offers to the Gotham city crime

syndicates who start to fear the Batman

that he promises to finish and kill the

Batman, in return for half of their assets.

Joker then gives the demands that the

Gotham city must hand over the Batman

or Joker will kill more people again until

Batman surrenders.

In this paper, the writer will limit

and focuses on antisocial disorder of

Joker character in The Dark Knight

movie. The Joker character in The Dark

Knight raised a lot of his trauma from

the past, so in this film we will tell the

origin of why the Joker became a social

deviation in the form of a super-villain.

Based on the movie, the writer tries to

discuss about the symptoms of antisocial

disorder that occurred in Joker character,

the causes of Joker’s antisocial disorder

or social deviation, and the moral

messages contained in the The Dark

Knight movie.

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 131

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

THEORETICAL REVIEW

Definition of Antisocial Disorder

Antisocial personality disorder

describes an ingrained pattern of

behavior in which individuals

consistently disregard and violate the

rights of others around them.

The disorder is best understood

within the context of the broader

category of personality disorders. A

personality disorder is an enduring

pattern of personal experience and

behavior that deviates noticeably from

the expectations of the individual's

culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has

an onset in adolescence or early

adulthood, is stable over time, and leads

to personal distress or impairment.

The symptoms of antisocial

personality disorder can vary in severity.

The more egregious, harmful, or

dangerous behavior patterns are referred

to as sociopathic or psychopathic. There

has been much debate as to the

distinction between the two descriptions.

Sociopathy is chiefly characterized as

something severely wrong with one's

conscience; psychopathy is characterized

as a complete lack of conscience

regarding others. Some professionals

describe people with this constellation of

symptoms as "stone cold" to the rights of

others. Consequences of this disorder

can include imprisonment, drug abuse,

and alcoholism.

Based on APA (2013:660), states

that, “The essential feature of antisocial

personality disorder is a pervasive

pattern of disregard for, and violation of,

the rights of others that begins in

childhood or early adolescence and

continues into adulthood.” It means that

feature of antisocial personality disorder

is disregard and violate others rights that

begins in childhood or early adolescence

and continues into adulthood.

According to Morizot & Kazemian

(2015:2) :

The term antisocial behavior,

typically used in psychology and

psychiatry, refers to these analogous

behaviors. It is a generic concept that

encompasses criminal offending but also

several related behaviors that are socially

disruptive or go against established

social and societal norms or rules.

From the statement above, the writer

concludes that the term antisocial

behavior usually used in psychology and

psychiatry. The general concept of

antisocial behavior includes criminal

offenses and also some socially

disruptive behaviors or against

established social and societal norms or

rules .

As stated by Nevid et al (2014:446):

Antisocial personality or psychopathy is

associated with a wide range of traits,

including failure to conform to social

norms, irresponsibility, aimlessness and

lack of long-term goals or plans,

impulsive behavior, outright lawlessness,

violence, chronic unemployment, marital

problems, lack of remorse or empathy,

substance abuse or alcoholism, and a

disregard for the truth and for the

feelings and needs of others.

In means the traits of antisocial

personality which is includes deviation

of acts and attitudes such as failure to

conform to social norms,

irresponsibility, violence, lack of

remorse or emphaty, lawlessness and

disregard for the truth, the feelings and

needs of others.

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

132 | Jurnal Kredo

Vol. 4 No. 1 Oktober 2020

Based on the statement of the

experts above, the writer concludes that

antisocial disorder is deviation of

societal norms or rules and violate others

rights that begins in childhood or early

adolescence and continuous to

adulthood. Antisocial disorder is also

characterized by continuous violations,

failure to conform to social norms,

irresponsibility, lack of remorse,

disregard for the feelings for others, and

other deviation of acts and attitudes.

Symptoms of Antisocial Disorder

According to Wade et al (2014:413)

argue that, “In antisocial personality

disorder (APD), symptoms may include

the remorselessness of psychopathy but

the major criteria involve a lifelong

pattern of aggressive, reckless,

impulsive, and often criminal behavior

(although not necessarily a lack of

empathy and other social emotion).”

From the definition above, the writer

concludes that a lifelong symptoms

pattern of antisosial disorder such as

aggressive, reckless, impulsive, and

often criminal behavior. People with

antisocial also sometimes lack of

empathy and other social emotion.

Based on APA (2013:659)

Antisocial Personality Disorder indicated

by three (or more) of the following: (1)

Failure to conform to social norms with

respect to lawful behaviors, as indicated

by repeatedly performing acts that are

grounds for arrest; (2) Deceitfulness, as

indicated by repeated lying, use of

aliases, or conning others for personal

profit or pleasure; (3) Impulsivity or

failure to plan ahead; (4) Irritability and

aggressiveness, as indicated by repeated

physical fights or assaults; (5) Reckless

disregard for safety of self or others; (6)

Consistent irresponsibility, as indicated

by repeated failure to sustain consistent

work behavior or honor financial

obligations; (7) Lack of remorse, as

indicated by being indifferent to or

rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or

stolen from another.

According to Stout (2006:123) :

By the same mathematical model,

eight sociopathic symptoms and their

absence were found to be significantly

heritable. They are, in descending order

of theoretical heritability: “fails to

conform to social norms,” “aggressive,”

“reckless,” “impulsive,” “fails to honor

financial obligation,” “inconsistent

work,” “never monogamous,” and “lacks

remorse.”

From the definition above, the

writer concludes that symptoms of

antisocial disorder includes fails to

conform to social norms, aggressive,

reckless, impulsive, fails to honor

financial obligation, inconsistent work,

never monogamous, and lacks remorse.

Based on symptoms of antisocial

disorder by experts, the writer concludes

that symptoms of antisocial disorder are

failure to conform to social norms,

aggressive, impulsive, deceitfulness,

reckless disregard for safety of self or

others, lack of remorse, and

irresponsibility.

2.1.2 Causes of Antisocial Disorder

According to Black (2013:132)

states that Bad parenting, defective

genes, childhood trauma, poverty−these

are but a few of the proposed causal

factors in antisocial personality disorder

(ASP), a list as varied as the selection of

experts who stand behind their favorite

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 133

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

explanation for the disorder. This

statement explains that causal factors of

antisocial personality disorder comes

from bad parenting, defective genes, and

childhood trauma.

Quoted by Morizot & Kazemian

(2015:25) :

“…. the causes of antisocial

behavior vary for children who start

being deviant at different ages. At the

earliest ages (birth to 6), the three most

important factors are neuropsychological

deficit and difficult temperament (e.g.,

impulsiveness, negative emotionality,

fearlessness, poor emotion regulation),

parenting deficits (e.g., poor monitoring,

low affective ties, inconsistent

discipline, physical punishment), and

structural adversity (e.g., poverty,

unemployment, welfare dependency, a

disorganized neighborhood).”

From the explanation above, the

writer concludes that the causes of

antisocial behavior are varieties in

children with different ages. One of the

causes is parenting deficits such as poor

monitoring, low affective ties,

inconsistent discipline, and physical

punishment.

Based on Johnson et al in Nevid

(2015:520) states that, “Research shows

that many people with APD were raised

in families characterized by lack of

parental warmth and nurturing, as well

as parental neglect, abuse, rejection, and

use of harsh punishment.” It means

many people with antisocial personality

disorder were raised in family with lack

of parental warmth and nurturing pattern

such as parental neglect, abuse,

rejection, and harsh punishment.

In the end, the writer concludes that

antisocial disorder is caused by bad

parenting and childhood trauma such as

physical punishment and children abuse.

The role of parents is very influential.

How they act with their children is

affected to childrens’s behavior and

mental in further.

2.2. Definition of Movie

Movies, also known as films, are a

type of visual communication which

uses moving pictures and sound to tell

stories or teach people something.

People in every part of the world watch

movies as a type of entertainment, a way

to have fun. For some people, fun

movies can mean movies that make them

laugh, while for others it can mean

movies that make them cry, or feel

afraid.

Most movies are made so that they

can be shown on big screens at movie

theatres and at home. After movies are

shown on movie screens for a period of

weeks or months, they may be marketed

through several other media. They are

shown on pay television or cable

television, and sold or rented on DVD

disks or videocassette tapes, so that

people can watch the movies at home.

You can also download or stream

movies. Older movies are shown on

television broadcasting stations.

Based on Carroll (2008:80) argues

that, “Movies are typically comprised of

a series of moving pictures, called shots,

which themselves are animated as a

succession of still pictures, called

frames, pass before the projector beam”.

It means that movie consists of a series

of moving pictures called shots which is

animated as a series of still pictures

called frames, and passed before

projector beam.

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

134 | Jurnal Kredo

Vol. 4 No. 1 Oktober 2020

In other side, according to Giannetti

(2007:104) states that, “ “Movies,”

“motion pictures,” “moving

pictures”−all these phrases suggest the

central importance of motion in the art of

film. Cinema drives from Greek word

for “movement,” as do the words kinetic,

kinesthesia, and choreopraphy—terms

usually associated with the art of dance”.

As Giannetti’s states there are many

term for movie again movie is

considered as an art of visual movement

and can not be separated with

kinesthesia and choreography as content.

Quoted by Bertino et al (2004:123)

argue that, “For the purpose of

exposition, a movie is a tuple

characterized by the attributes “director”,

“actor/actress”, and “genre”.” It means

movie is a tuple that characterized by the

attributes of director, actor or actress and

genre as a purpose of exposition.

From the definitions above the

writer concludes movie is a series of

moving picture called shots which is

animated as a series of still pictures

called frames, and passed before

projector beam. Movie is also a tuple

characterized by the attributes of

director, actor/actress, and genre that can

not be separated with kinesthesia and

choreography as content.

2.3 Definition of Character

According to DiBattista (2010:vii)

argues that, “Regarded as people,

characters are more likely to appear as

familiars of our world and in fact play an

important part in our experience of it.” It

means characters play an important part

in our experience of it.

Quoted by Card (1988:6) states that,

A character is what he does, yes—but

even more, a character is what he means

to do. It means character is more than

what he does, but character is what he

means to do.

Based on Jannidis (2010:213) argue

that Character is a text- or media-based

figure in a story world, usually human or

human-like. It means character is a text

or media based figure in a story world.

Character also usually a human or

humanlike.

Based on the definitions above the

writer concludes that character is a

person who play an important part in the

story. Character is more than what he

does, but character is what he means to

do. Character is also a text or media

based figure in a story world that usually

a human or humanlike.

Here is a Characterization according

to Hallet (2010:7):

A. Methods of Characterization

(show and tell; or telling versus

showing): (1) Expository/Direct

Presentation: described and/or explained

by the narrator; (2) Dramatic/Indirect

Presentation: actions show the kind of

person the character is: (a) His/Her own

actions, behavior, speech, and recorded

thoughts and/or; (b) Qualities are

apparent by what other characters say

about him/her.

B. Types of Character: (1) Flat: a

one-dimensional character, typically not

central to the story; (2) Two-dimensional

characters may be used as vessels to

carry out the plot; (3) Round: a complex,

fully-developed character, usually prone

to change; (4) Static: these can be either

round or flat characters, but they do not

change during the story. Folktales,

fairytales, and other types use static and

flat characters whose actions are

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 135

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

predictable, so the reader is free to

concentrate on the action and theme as

each moves toward an often times

universal discovery; (5) Dynamic: a

developing character, usually at the

center of the action, who changes or

grows to a new awareness of life (the

human condition); (6) Stock:

“borrowed” personage or archetype (ex.

Western hero in white hat; old, long-

nosed, straggly-haired hag as evil witch).

Closely related to stereotype; (7)

Stereotype: a character so little

individualized as to show only qualities

of an occupation, or national, ethnic, or

other group to which s/he belongs (ex.

Irishman, Sicilian, soldier, nerd, dumb

blonde, obnoxious brat, silly teenager);

(8). Universal: characters with problems

and traits common to all humanity; (9)

Individual: a more eccentric and unusual

representation of character.

C. Function of Character: (1)

Protagonist: the principle figure in the

story; (2) Antagonist: the character with

whom the protagonist is engaged in a

struggle. Note: a conflicting agency not

embodied in an actual character is called

an antagonistic force as is the weather in

Tales of the Yukon or the sea in stories

like “The Open Boat”; (3) "Confident"

for confidant(e): the character in whom

another character (usually the

protagonist) confides, much like Watson

is confidante to Sherlock and Tonto is

confidante to the Lone Ranger; (4) Foil:

a secondary character serving as a

backdrop (mirror) for a more important

character. Typically, the foil is rather

ordinary and static so that the unusual

qualities of the primary character will be

more striking in contrast. Often this

same character is both confidant and foil.

In fictional literature, authors use

many different types of characters to tell

their stories. Different types of

characters fulfill different roles in the

narrative process, and with a little bit of

analysis, you can usually detect some or

all of the types below.

Major or central characters are vital

to the development and resolution of the

conflict. In other words, the plot and

resolution of conflict revolves around

these characters. Minor characters serve

to complement the major characters and

help move the plot events forward.

Dynamic - A dynamic character is a

person who changes over time, usually

as a result of resolving a central conflict

or facing a major crisis. Most dynamic

characters tend to be central rather than

peripheral characters, because resolving

the conflict is the major role of central

characters.

Static - A static character is

someone who does not change over

time; his or her personality does not

transform or evolve.

Round - A rounded character is

anyone who has a complex personality;

he or she is often portrayed as a

conflicted and contradictory person.

Flat - A flat character is the opposite

of a round character. This literary

personality is notable for one kind of

personality trait or characteristic.

Stock - Stock characters are those

types of characters who have become

conventional or stereotypical through

repeated use in particular types of

stories. Stock characters are instantly

recognizable to readers or audience

members (e.g. the femme fatale, the

cynical but moral private eye, the mad

scientist, the geeky boy with glasses, and

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

136 | Jurnal Kredo

Vol. 4 No. 1 Oktober 2020

the faithful sidekick). Stock characters

are normally one-dimensional flat

characters, but sometimes stock

personalities are deeply conflicted,

rounded characters (e.g. the "Hamlet"

type).

Protagonist - The protagonist is the

central person in a story, and is often

referred to as the story's main character.

He or she (or they) is faced with a

conflict that must be resolved. The

protagonist may not always be admirable

(e.g. an anti-hero); nevertheless s/he

must command involvement on the part

of the reader, or better yet, empathy.

Antagonist - The antagonist is the

character(s) (or situation) that represents

the opposition against which the

protagonist must contend. In other

words, the antagonist is an obstacle that

the protagonist must overcome.

Anti-Hero - A major character,

usually the protagonist, who lacks

conventional nobility of mind, and who

struggles for values not deemed

universally admirable. Duddy, in

Mordecai Richler's The Apprenticeship

of Duddy Kravitz, is a classic anti-hero.

He's vulgar, manipulative and self-

centered. Nevertheless, Duddy is the

center of the story, and we are drawn to

the challenges he must overcome and the

goals he seeks to achieve.

Foil - A foil is any character

(usually the antagonist or an important

supporting character) whose personal

qualities contrast with another character

(usually the protagonist). By providing

this contrast, we get to know more about

the other character.

Symbolic - A symbolic character is

any major or minor character whose very

existence represents some major idea or

aspect of society. For example, in Lord

of the Flies, Piggy is a symbol of both

the rationality and physical weakness of

modern civilization; Jack, on the other

hand, symbolizes the violent tendencies

(the Id) that William Golding believes is

within human nature.

Direct presentation (or

characterization) - This refers to what

the speaker or narrator directly says or

thinks about a character. In other words,

in a direct characterization, the reader is

told what the character is like. When

Dickens describes Scrooge like this: "I

present him to you: Ebenezer

Scrooge....the most tightfisted hand at

the grindstone, Scrooge! A squeezing,

wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching,

covetous, old sinner!" - this is very direct

characterization!

Indirect presentation (or

characterization) - This refers to what

the character says or does. The reader

then infers what the character is all

about. This mimics how we understand

people in the real world, since we can't

"get inside their heads". In other words,

in an indirect characterization, it's the

reader who is obliged to figure out what

the character is like. And sometimes the

reader will get it wrong.

THE METHOD OF THE

RESEARCH

In this study, the writer used

descriptive qualitative research using

content analysis. According to Nazir

(1988:63), qualitative descriptive

method is a method in exaamining the

status of a grup of humans, an object, a

set of conditions, a system of thought or

a class of events in the presents.

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 137

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

The purpose of this study was to

make a description, or painting

systematically, factually and accurately

of the facts, characteristic, and

relationship between phenomena

investigated. The process of research

was done through two stages, namely

data collection and data analysis. For

data collection, all information was

collected by librarian research to obtain

the theories of literary work and all

support information that related to the

objective of the research. The next stage

was analyzing of The Dark Knight

movie by watching it several times to

deepen the character of Joker that

become the main object of the research.

In this process, the writer conducted

analyzing by choosing the information,

collecting the utterances, looking for the

relationship and comparing with

antisocial disorder theory as background

Joker’s character which can be analyzed

on this research. Finally to answer the

statement of the problem, the data would

be classified into some points that

namely the symptom and the cause of

antisocial disorder, including the moral

message behind the story of the movie.

The results of data analysis are

presented in the form of a narrative

description. If we look at the back, The

Dark Knight film is one of the film that

inspired the audience to commit immoral

acts. This film is a superhero fil of

Batman with the antagonist Joker. Joker

is one super villain who is full of

immoral acts. His action were not

intended for money or power, but only

one for pleasure.

Based on the above statement, we were

interest to be appointed this film as a

research. This research aims to see the

signs of immorality that exist in the

Joker character

There are several procedures used

by the writer to analyze the movie. First,

the writer watching the movie several

times. Second, reading the movie script

repeatedly to get more understand the

conflicts that occur in the movie. Third,

the writer collects all necessary data

related to the topic. Fourth, the writer

collects theory according to the experts

through books research and Internet

acces to support the data that has been

collected. After that, by using theory

from the experts, the writer gets the

results to answer the statement of the

problem above.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The Joker (Heath Ledger) is a

terrorist and villain of Gotham City who

wear make up like a Joker in the play

card to cover up the scars on his mouth.

The Joker always against the heroes of

Gotham City named Batman (Christian

Bale). Joker is also clever and proficient

in making strategy such as trapping

peole in dangerous condition.

Joker first appears in The Dark

Knight movie, as part of a six-member

gang wearing clown masks who rob

Gotham City Bank. He tricks four of

them into killing each other, then kills

the last one himself and escapes with the

money. One day, Joker comes to a

meeting of mob members and

interrupting a video conference between

mob leaders Sal Maroni, the Chechen

and Gambol with their accountant, Lau.

Joker offers to kill Batman for half of the

mob's money.

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

138 | Jurnal Kredo

Vol. 4 No. 1 Oktober 2020

The Joker announces that people

will die each day until Batman reveals

his true identity. When Gotham's district

attorney, Harvey Dent, identifying

himself as Batman, the Joker tries to

kidnap him. Batman interrogates him

after Dent goes missing. The Joker also

reveals that Dent's girlfriend which is

Batman’s ex lover, Rachel Dawes has

also gone missing and divulges their

separate locations, both rigged up with a

time bomb. Joker tricks Batman to save

Dent, who is difective in the explosion,

while Rachel is killed. The Joker then

escapes the police station with Lau.

To prevent Wayne Enterprises

M&A law accountant, Coleman Reese,

from revealing Batman’s alter ego on

TV. The Joker makes a phone call to the

TV station and says that he will blow up

Gotham General Hospital if Reese does

not die within 60 minutes. During the

panic, the Joker sneaks into Gotham

General Hospital disguised as a nurse to

meet with Harvey Dent, and persuades

him to take revenge on those responsible

for Rachel's death. He then blows up the

hospital and takes a busload of hostages.

After he blows up the hospital, the

Joker set up bombs on two ferries in

Gotham bay. One of ferry containing

citizens and the other containing

prisoners, and tells the passengers that he

will destroy both boats unless there is

one that blows up another boat. The

hostages chose not to blow up each

other. Batman then captures the Joker,

and the Joker states that they are meant

to fight each other forever. The Joker

gloats that he has won "the battle for

Gotham's soul", because the city's

inhabitants will lose hope after knowing

Harvey Dent's became a killer. The Joker

then laughs hysterically as he is taken

into custody. Batman ultimately foils the

Joker's plan by taking the blame for

Harvey Dent's crimes.

In this session, the writer used the

theory from American Psychiatric

Association (APA) to support the data

analysis because the theory is related to

the symptoms of Joker’s antisocial

disorder. The symptoms of antisocial

disorder shown by Joker in this movie

are following below:

1. Failure to Conform to Social Norms

Based on the theory of APA stated

that one of the symptoms of antisocial

disorder is failure to conform to social

norms with respect to lawful behaviors,

as indicated by repeatedly performing

acts that are grounds for arrest.

Figure 1

In a scene (times 01:20:23 prison)

described Joker is held in jail for what he

has done. Then he blew up the prison to

escape. Imprisonment did not make him

wary, after escaping he committed more

criminal acts. This fact shown that Joker

has symptoms of antisocial disorder

which is failure to conform to social

norms with respect to lawful behaviors,

as indicated by repeatedly performing

acts that are grounds for arrest.

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 139

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

2. Deceitfulness

The second symptom shown by

Joker is deceitfulness. It is one of

symptoms of antisocial disorder that

indicated by repeated lying, use of

aliases, or conning others for personal

profit or plasure. It is stated by a dialog

between Gordon and Joker below:

Figure 2

Joker lies about kidnapping Rachel

Dawes and Harvey Dent. Joker

pretending not to know about the

abduction of Harvey Dent and Rachel

Dawess and instead blame others, but in

fact he was the mastermind of the

abduction. Joker conceal them in

separate locations and both rigged up

with a time bombs

Figure 3

Joker robbed a Bank Time 00:04:11

From the scen above, Joker dressed

as Bozo the clown while robbing the

Gotham City Bank. Joker manipulated

his whole crew into robbing the bank

and told them they would all split the

money. However, the Joker ends up

killing his crew and getting away with

the money. The Italic sentences

explained about “Deceitfulness”.

From two scenes above, it proves

that the joker has a symptom of

antisocial disorder which is

deceitfulness, as indicated by repeated

lying for personal profit or pleasure.

3. Impulsivity

According to APA, impulsivity or

failure to plan ahead is one of symptoms

of antisocial disorder. People with

antisocial disorder planned seemingly

impossible tasks without thinking about

the consequences afterward. One

example shown in a scene (time

:00:50:57 party) when Joker starting

cornered in a fight, he throws Rachel out

of the window to distract Batman. When

the Batman helps Rachel who fell from

the window, Joker is blurred so the

Batman can not catch him.

Another data that support this

symptom can be seen in this picture

below.

Figure 4

Time 01:49:04. Hospital

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

140 | Jurnal Kredo

Vol. 4 No. 1 Oktober 2020

The picture above is when Joker

tried to blow up the Gotham General

Hospital. Hitting his detonator, the

majority of the bombs failed to blow

therefore causing him to steal a nearby

city bus as a quick getaway. Based on

this data above, it proves that the Joker

planned seemingly impossible tasks

without thinking about the consequences

afterward. It means that he has

symptoms of antisocial disorder which is

impulsivity or failure to plan ahead.

4. Irritability and Agressiveness

APA confirms that irritability and

aggressiveness is a symptoms of

antisocial disorder which is indicated by

repeated physical fights or assaults.

Without a doubt the Joker was

constantly fighting assaulting, torturing,

or murdering another individual.

Figure 5

Time 01:30:51. Detective’s Room

Joker holding detective as a hostage

From the dialogue above, the Joker takes

the detective as a hostage and held a

piece of broken glass to the detective’s

throat just to get his phone . It shows the

aggressive nature of Joker by doing

physical assaults against others

Figure 6

Time 00:50:26. Party

From the picture above, Joker

describes he and his subordinates

attacked the Batman in the party. He

kicked Batman with his shoe which there

was a pointed object on its tip. It proves

that Joker has a symptoms of antisocial

disorder which is irritability and

aggressiveness, as indicated by physical

fights and physical assaults to his rival,

Batman and detective Stephen.

5. Reckless Disregard for Safety of

Self or Others

Reckless disregard is an act of

preceeding to do something with a

conscious awareness of danger, while

ignoring any potential consequences of

so doing. Reckless disregard, while not

necessarily suggesting an intentnto cause

harm. It is a harser condition than

ordinary negligence. APA suggests that

one of symptoms of antisocial disorder is

reckless disregard for safety of self or

others. Based on APA (2013:659)

Antisocial Personality Disorder indicated

by three (or more) of the following: (1)

Failure to conform to social norms with

respect to lawful behaviors, as indicated

by repeatedly performing acts that are

grounds for arrest; (2) Deceitfulness, as

indicated by repeated lying, use of

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 141

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

aliases, or conning others for personal

profit or pleasure; (3) Impulsivity or

failure to plan ahead; (4) Irritability and

aggressiveness, as indicated by repeated

physical fights or assaults; (5) Reckless

disregard for safety of self or others; (6)

Consistent irresponsibility, as indicated

by repeated failure to sustain consistent

work behavior or honor financial

obligations; (7) Lack of remorse, as

indicated by being indifferent to or

rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or

stolen from another.

Figure 7

Time 01:57:51. Boat

Joker threatens people on Ferry

Boat

Joker : “ …. So I’ve left you both a little

present. Each of you has a remote to

blow up the other boat. At midnight, I

blow you all up. If, however, one of you

presses the button, I’ll let that boat live.

You choose …..”

From the text above, the Joker

threatening people on the boat and said

that he would blast the boat at midnight

if the passenger did not presses the

button to blast other boat.

Based on the scene above, Joker

describes that he cared very little about

his own safety considering he told

Batman to run him over with Batman’s

Batpod. Batman who won’t kill anyone,

tries to avoid him and then Batman falls

from his Batpod. It evidence that Joker

experienced symptoms of antisocial

disorder, which is reckless disregard for

safety of self or other by ignored and

careless about the safety of the people on

the boat.

6. Consistent Irresponsibility

Another symptoms of antisocial

disorder is consistent irresponsibility,

which is indicated by repeated failure to

sustain consistent work behavior or

honor financial obligations.

Figure 8

Time 00:04:25. Bank

In the scene above, describes the

Joker and his accomplices robbed the

Gotham City Mob Bank. Joker also

threaten customers and employees used

weapons. He takes all the money and

escaps using the school bus to avoid

police suspicions. From the scene above

proves the theory of APA that the one of

symptoms of antisocial disorder is

consistent irresponsibility. The Joker is

never considered to have a job.

However, he will steal to receive cash

payments and money to support himself

in crime acts.

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

142 | Jurnal Kredo

Vol. 4 No. 1 Oktober 2020

7 Lack of Remorse

The Joker never apologizes for his

behavior nor having any remorse for

killing innocent people. He enjoys chaos

and hurting people around him.

Figure 9

Time 00:22:30. Downtown.

Joker kills Gambol’s bodyguard

According to scene above, Joker

comes to a meeting of gangster

syndicates and kills the Gambol’s

bodyguard by face down Gambol’s

bodyguard head to the pencil and Joker

says that it is a magic trick.

Figure 10

Time 01:00:10. Parkside Avenue

In the scene (time 01:00:10)

parkside Avenue, Joker plan to shoot the

mayor and pass off as a police sniper in a

parade of Gotham City. The sniper turn

their weapon to the mayor and taken a

shot, but lieutenant Gordon slams the

mayor to the ground and causes lieutnant

Gordon takes shots on his back. Based

on the scene above, the writer concludes

that Joker experienced symptomp of

antisocial disorder, which is lack of

remorse because he never apologized for

his behavior nor having any remorse for

killing innocent people and he always

enjoyed it.

Causes of Antisocial Disorder of Joker

Character

Based on the theory of Black (2013)

stated a variety of causes that result in

antisocial disorder to Joker’s character.

There are some various causes such as

bad parenting and childhood trauma as

explained below.

1. Bad Parenting

The role of parents is very important

for the development of children in the

future. Any treatments from parents will

affect the nature of the child when he is

an adult. Like Joker character in The

Dark Knight movie, he gets a bad

parenting from his father that causes him

to become a sociopath.

Figure 11

In a dialog (Time 00:29:03. Pool

Hall) Joker tells his scars to Gombal

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 143

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

Joker : “Wanna know how I got

these scars? My father was a drinker and

a fiend. One night he goes off crazier

than usual, mommy gets the kitchen

knife to defend herself. He doesn't like

that. Not. One. Bit. So, me watching, he

takes the knife to her, laughing while he

does it. He turns to me and says 'why so

serious?' . Comes at me with the knife-

'why so serious?' Sticks the blade in my

mouth- 'Let's put a smile on that face'

and... Why so serious”.

Based on the dialogue above, it

describes how Joker got a bad treatment

from his father when he was a child.

Joker’s father is a drinker and a fiend, he

killed Joker’s mother and sticks the

blade in Joker’s mouth which causes the

scars on Joker’s mouth. From the

explanation above, the writer concludes

that Joker got a bad parenting from his

father that causes the scars on his mouth

and he become a sociopath. How parents

act with their children is affected to

children’s behavior and mental in the

future.

2. Childhood Trauma

Black suggests that one of causes of

antisocial disorder is childhood trauma.

Childhood trauma describes negative

events that are emotionally painful and

beyond a child’s ability to overcome the

problem.

Figure 12

Joker : “I only have one question. Where

is Harvey Dent? (silence). I’ll settle for

his loved ones…”

Oldman: “We’re not intimidated by

thugs.”

Joker :“You know, you remind me of

my father . I hated my father.”

In the dialogue above, Joker

describes how he hated the oldman who

reminds him to his father. The Joker

does not want to remember his father

because of what his father had done to

him and Joker’s mother in the past. It

means Joker had a childhood trauma

with his father and hated to remember

him. From this data, it can be assumed

that antisocial disorder in Joker

developed by bad parenting and

childhood trauma which was caused by

his father. It means the role of parents is

very influential on the development of

children’s character in further.

Moral Messages

1. Humanity

Humanity is qualities that make us

human, such as the ability to love, be

kind, be creative, and have compassion.

Humanity aims for peaceful and

beautiful society makeup as we all know

without love and help we can not

develop a healthy society, so it is highly

needed to be kind and loving each other

and develop our society. As a human

beings, we must have love and

compassion feeling for others. The

feeling love and compassion is not just

for human, but also for animals, plants,

and for the environment in which we

live. In One The Dark Knight movie, it

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

144 | Jurnal Kredo

Vol. 4 No. 1 Oktober 2020

reflects when the Joker threatened to

blast all boats if one of the boats did not

press the button to blast another boat.

But people in both boats do not want to

blow off each other, it shows that people

have a sense of humanity that causes

them to care and love each other.

2. Teamwork

Successful teamwork is built on a

foundation of dependence. Each member

of the team must establish a trust, then

cultivate it through their actions and

words. Each member also needs to be

able to have confidence to make a

commitment to the team and its goals.

They must work competently with those

goals in mind, and communicate

consistently about any issues that affect

the team. In The Dark Knight movie,

both Joker and Batman always works as

a team with their partners to achieve

their respective goals.

3. Plan Ahead

Planning ahead is a common key

ingredient to a successful. Having a plan

will not only help to reach the goals, but

it can help to stay on track with the

goals. Sometimes there is no control

over the amount of time to complete a

project or something, if there is planning

ahead these unexpected things will be

much more manageable. Have a plan A,

plan B, and even plan C, it is more likely

to stick with goals, which will make

happier at the end and will have given a

perfect recipe for a success. In The Dark

Knight movie, both the Joker and

Batman do planning ahead before acts,

so that their goals are achieved perfectly.

This movie provides more different

and fresher picture and to develop of the

Joker character, so that it is

recommended to watch this movie,

especially if you are a DC fans and are

interested in getting to know the Joker

character further that cannot be seen in

the comic book.

But one thing to keep in mind, the

film has an “R” rating or Adults, without

clear reason. Various scenes of violence

and murder are common throughout the

film progresses, with one or two of

which ended in a brutal while others

were able to give a discomfort feeling,

eventhough perhaps it should have

scenes of violence or murder is not

usually give a bad feeling when

watching another movie.

CONCLUSION

The Joker film again reminds us that

mental disorders are very dangerous for

their impact, both on ourselves and

others. In the film, it is told that Arthur

Fleck experienced pseudobulbar affect,

which is defined as episodes of laughing

or crying accidentally, suddenly,

uncontrollably, and often recurring

which are generally disproportionate or

inappropriate for the situation. In

addition, his mother, Penny Fleck, has

both narcissistic personality disorder and

delusional disorder. Regardless of

whether it is possible that Penny's

medical record was faked by Thomas

Wayne to cover up her past story with

Penny or it is true that Penny has a

mental disorder, we will focus more on

these mental disorders.

The definition of mental disorders is

a syndrome characterized by a clinical

disorder that significantly interferes with

an individual's cognitive, emotional or

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 145

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

behavioral regulation that reflects

psychological dysfunction, biological

processes, or development that underlie

mental functioning. We need to mark in

the words "syndrome" and

"dysfunction". Syndrome is a collection

of symptoms or symptoms. How, then,

do we measure the psychological

dysfunction, biological processes, or

development that underlie mental

functioning? The American Psychiatric

Association (APA) has developed a

questionnaire as a diagnostic tool for

mental or psychiatric disorders, the

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of

Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5). [1]

Humans are the result of the

interaction between body, soul and the

environment (physical and social). These

three elements influence each other from

the moment of conception. Therefore, in

solving problems related to humans, we

must pay attention and consider all these

aspects as a whole, which is called a

holistic approach. What is the

importance of a holistic approach? In

this case, a holistic approach is also

needed in analyzing the causes of mental

disorders in a person. [3]

In addition, according to Hendrik L.

Blum (1974), there are four factors that

affect the degree of health, namely:

lifestyle, environment (social, economic,

political, cultural); health services, and

genetic factors (heredity). The four

determinants interact with each other and

will affect a person's health status.

Arthur Fleck was mentally ill because

the four determinants were not fulfilled,

were not fulfilled, or were not sufficient,

or all of them were not disturbed. [4]

The Joker decided to carry out one

of the Ego defense mechanisms (MPO),

namely rationalization. "Bad people are

good people who are hurt." He said. In

fact, he only justified or rationalized his

evil deeds by saying that he was a good

person who had been hurt by many.

Then, is his statement completely

wrong? Certainly not. However,

excessive rationalization will actually

make someone run away from reality

even more and do not want to face their

problems. He also did a displacement,

when he took his anger out on the trash

can to reduce his anxiety and

disappointment. In addition, he also

blamed public officials and rich people

because they were only selfish and never

cared for the little people like him. [3]

In terms of Maslow's hierarchy of

needs theory, there are five kinds of

human needs, namely: physiological

needs (physiology), safety, love, self-

esteem, and self-actualization. As we

know, the Joker's physiological needs

are not met properly, he has a thin body

and I have a hypothesis that the Joker's

Body Mass Index (BMI) is under the

category of underweight or even

malnutrition. This, of course, worsened

the mental health of the Joker. [4]

Based on the discussion and analysis

of antisocial disorder in Joker character

(Heith Leadger) in The Dark Knight

movie, the writer can concludes that

antisocial disorder began from an

unpleasant events experiences in

childhood such as chidren abuse and

childhood trauma. Antisocial disorder on

Joker character developed by the trauma

which is caused by his father’s

treatments, and also abuse by his father

that caused Joker has scars on his mouth.

The writer used the theory from

American Psychiatric Association (APA)

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

146 | Jurnal Kredo

Vol. 4 No. 1 Oktober 2020

to support the data analysis because the

theory is related to the symptoms of

Joker’s antisocial disorder. Patients with

antisocial disorder had also longterm

symptoms includes deviation of acts and

attitudes to social norms and violate

others rights such as failure to conform

to social norms, deceitfulness, reckless

disregard, agrresive, impulsive,

irresponsibility, and lack of remorse.

Symptoms that exist in antisocial

disorder have negative impact on the

lives of themselves, the environtment,

and also for the people around.

The Dark Knight movie also

contains some moral messages that can

be learned. The moral messages that the

writer found in this movie consist of

humanity, teamwork and plan ahead.

Humanity is the ability to love, be kind,

be creative and compassion to others.

The feeling of humanity is not just for

human, but also for animals, plants, and

for the environment in which we live.

Therefore, it is highly needed to have

humanity feeling in social life. The next

moral messages that occurred in The

Dark Knight movie is teamwork.

Teamwork makes all goals accomplished

more easily. Successful teamwork is

built on a foundation of dependence.

Each member of the team must have

confidance in their team members to

make commitment and trust each other

to reach the goals. And the last moral

messages in the movie is plan ahead.

Planning ahead is a common key

ingredient to a successful. It is also

important to have plan B or even plan C

to reach the goals, which will make

happier in the end and will have given a

perfect recipe for success. Having a plan

also will not only help to reach the goals,

but it can help us to stay on the track

with the goals easier.

REFERENCES

American Psychiatric Association. 2013. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental

Disorder Fifth Edition. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Pubishing.

Black, Donald W. 2013. Bad Boys, Bad Men. New York: Oxford University Press.

DiBattista, Maria. 2010. Novel Characters. United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell

Publishing.

Giannetti, Louis. 2007. Understanding Movies, 11th Edition. New Jersey: Pearson

Education Inc.

Jannidis, F. (2010). Character in Fictional Worlds. Berlin: Walter de Gyuter. Morizot,

Julien, Lila Kazemian. 2015. The Development of Criminal and Antisocial

Behavior. New York: Springer International Publishing.

Nevid, Jeffrey. 2015. Essentials of Psychology: Concepts and Applications. Canada:

Cengage Learning.

Kredo 4 (2020)

KREDO: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra

Terakreditasi Sinta 4 berdasarkan Keputusan Direktorat

Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan,

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi

Republik Indonesia

Nomor: 23/E/KPT/2019. 08 Agustus 2019

https://jurnal.umk.ac.id/index.php/kredo/index

ANTISOCIAL DISORDER OF JOKER CHARACTER IN THE DARK KNIGHT MOVIE | 147

DIRECTED BY CHRISTOPHER NOLAN

Aprillia

, Endang Sri Andayani

, Chodidjah

, Khoirunnisa

Nevid Jeffrey, Spencer A Rathus, Beverly Greene. 2014. Abnormal Psychology In

Changing World. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.

Wade, Carole, Carol Travis, Maryanne Garry. 2014. Invitation to Psychology. New

Jersey: Pearson

Education Inc